The medieval biographies of Prithviraj suggest that he was educated well. Based on these positions and assuming certain other planetary positions, DasharathaвЂ…Sharma calculated the year of Prithviraj's birth as 1166 CE (1223 VS). The text does not mention the year of his birth, but provides some of the astrologicalвЂ…planetaryвЂ…positions at the time of his birth, calling them auspicious. According to Prithviraja Vijaya, Prithviraj was born on the 12th day of the JyeshthaвЂ…month. Both Prithviraj and his younger brother Hariraja were born in Gujarat, where their father Someshvara was brought up at the Chaulukya court by his maternal relatives. Prithviraj was born to the Chahamana king Someshvara and queen Karpuradevi (a Kalachuri princess). For example, the Sanskrit poem anthology Sharngadhara-paddhati (1363) contains a verse praising him, and the KanhadadeвЂ…Prabandha (1455) mentions him as an earlier incarnation of the JaloreвЂ…Chahamana king Viramade. Some other Indian texts also mention Prithviraj but do not provide much information of historical value. The Alha-Khanda (or Alha Raso) of the Chandela poet Jaganika also provides an exaggerated account of Prithviraj's war against the Chandelas. While the work was completed in 1336 CE, the part that mentions Prithviraj was written around 1250 CE. Prithviraj has also been mentioned in Kharatara-Gachchha- Pattavali, a Sanskrit text containing biographies of the Kharatara Jain monks. These were composed centuries after his death, and contain exaggerations and anachronistic anecdotes. Other chronicles and texts that mention Prithviraj include Prabandha-Chintamani, PrabandhaвЂ…Kosha and PrithvirajaвЂ…Prabandha. However, it contains many exaggerated accounts, much of which is not useful for the purposes of history. Prithviraj Raso, which popularized Prithviraj as a great king, is purported to be written by his court poet ChandвЂ…Bardai. Prithviraja Vijaya is the only surviving literary text from the reign of Prithviraj. These texts contain eulogistic descriptions, and are, therefore, not entirely reliable. These include PrithvirajaвЂ…Vijaya, HammiraвЂ…Mahakavya and PrithvirajвЂ…Raso. Besides the Muslim accounts of Battles of Tarain, he has been mentioned in several medieval kavyas (epic poems) by Hindu and Jain authors. Much of the information about him comes from the medieval legendary chronicles. The extant inscriptions from Prithviraj's reign are few in number and were not issued by the king himself. The most popular of these accounts is PrithvirajвЂ…Raso, which presents him as a Rajput. His defeat at Tarain is seen as a landmark event in the IslamicвЂ…conquestвЂ…ofвЂ…India, and has been described in several semi-legendary accounts. However, in 1192 CE, the Ghurids defeated Prithviraj at the SecondвЂ…battleвЂ…ofвЂ…Tarain, and executed him shortly after. He also repulsed the early invasions by MuhammadвЂ…ofвЂ…Ghor, a ruler of the Muslim Ghurid dynasty. His capital was located at Ajayameru (modern Ajmer).Д®arly in his career, Prithviraj achieved military successes against several neighbouring kingdoms, most notably against the Chandela king Paramardi. He controlled much of the present-day Rajasthan, Haryana, and Delhi and some parts of Punjab, MadhyaвЂ…Pradesh and UttarвЂ…Pradesh. He ruled Sapadalaksha, the traditional Chahamana territory, in present-day north-western India. 1178вЂ“1192 CE), popularly known as Prithviraj Chauhan or Rai Pithora was a king from the Chahamana (Chauhan) dynasty. Prithviraja III ( IAST: Pб№›thvД«-rДЃja reign.

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